Does consumer buying behavior change during economic crisis?

Understanding of consumer buying pattern plays the most important role in the success of any business organization. Hence, the core behaviour of consumer is also of great importance and significance for a successful marketing experience and financial affluence. However, consumer purchasing behaviour can vary severely and has a very intricate trend. Consumer buying behaviour has been attracting the studies and interest of a large amount of academician for a long time. The current financial downturn had a huge influence on the economic and social aspects of consumers around the globe. Different behaviour has been shifted through different level of economies, one of which, the Indian culture purchasing pattern. For this reason, this research is aimed to focus on the changing trends in consumer buying behaviour in the present global business crisis. This paper outlines at first, a portrait of the new consumer, highlighting its main features, derived primarily from the need for authenticity, which distinguishes it from the so called traditional consumer. Global economic crisis, which turned out to be not only a financial crisis, but also one of capitalism, the new consumer behaviour has encountered a series of changes. This paper also analyze the results of some research realized in different countries in the recession period in order to highlight the main changes occurred in the consumer buying behaviour and to draw a portrait after the economic crisis.peer-reviewe

Consumer purchase behaviour for green products

Purpose: The concern for climate change and global warming is increasing at global level which results in stimulating the interest of firms toward environmental protection and sustainable development. Many firms have started developing green products to meet the demand of environmentally conscious consumers. These firms are now interested in finding the determinants of environmentally conscious consumers’ behaviour in order to develop effective marketing strategy to ensure the green purchase commitments. Methodology: Demographic factors, psychographic factors, environmental awareness, environmental concern, price & quality of the green products, Perceived Consumer Effectiveness (PCE), environmental attitude, information, promotional activity, and availability, are major factors in motivating one’s behavioural change to engage in environmental behaviour. These factors have been tested in the past, but they have never been tested together in the context of green purchase behaviour of consumers in Central India. Therefore, this paper reviews the conceptual and empirical literatures of the abovementioned variables in explaining the green purchase behaviour. To indentify the factors which influence the consumer purchase behaviour for green products, factor analysis has been used. Data Collection: And convenient sampling method was used to collect the data from the five major cities of Madhya Pradesh. Over 650 questionnaires were circulated out of which a total of 390 questionnaires were considered for the final research purpose with 5 % error of margin and 5 % level of significance. Finding: The research has came out with seven major factors, (1. Awareness & Concern, 2. Price & Quality, 3. PCE, 4. Information, 5. Attitude, 6. Promotional activity, and 7. Information), which influence the green purchase behaviour in central India.peer-reviewe

Design and Modelling Of FACTS Devices

In this proposed study, TCSC (Thyristor Controlled series capacitor) based power system stabilizer is presented. TCSC based PSS (Power system stabilizer) provide improved damping of oscillations over conventional stabilizers. CPSS (conventional power system stabilizer) is incorporated in system with AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) and same system is incorporated with TCSC based stabilizer and system is simulated for the fault near the generator terminal for 5 cycles. System is simulated for three loading conditions. These are light loading, Normal loading and Heavy loading. Comparison of system with TCSC based stabilizer with system with CPSS and with no stabilizer is done. Change in rotor speed, rotor angle and output power during the fault with improvement in damping characteristic is observe

Enhanced satellite geodesy through the addition of a pseudorange observable

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-49).by Jayant Sharma.M.S

Design and Performance Analysis of Hardware Realization of 3GPP Physical Layer for 5G Cell Search

5G Cell Search (CS) is the first step for user equipment (UE) to initiate the communication with the 5G node B (gNB) every time it is powered ON. In cellular networks, CS is accomplished via synchronization signals (SS) broadcasted by gNB. 5G 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) specifications offer a detailed discussion on the SS generation at gNB but a limited understanding of their blind search, and detection is available. Unlike 4G, 5G SS may not be transmitted at the center of carrier frequency and their frequency location is unknown to UE. In this work, we demonstrate the 5G CS by designing 3GPP compatible hardware realization of the physical layer (PHY) of the gNB transmitter and UE receiver. The proposed SS detection explores a novel down-sampling approach resulting in a significant reduction in complexity and latency. Via detailed performance analysis, we analyze the functional correctness, computational complexity, and latency of the proposed approach for different word lengths, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and down-sampling factors. We demonstrate the complete CS functionality on GNU Radio-based RFNoC framework and USRP-FPGA platform. The 3GPP compatibility and demonstration on hardware strengthen the commercial significance of the proposed work

Role of crossmatch testing when Luminex-SAB is negative in renal transplantation

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays an important role in the acceptance of renal graft. Long and better graft survival has been reported in patients with HLA-identical siblings and a nonreactive cytotoxicity assay (CDC). New methods of HLA-typing and anti-HLA antibody detection techniques such as flow cytometry, solid-phase immunoassays, or antigen bead assays have further improved the outcomes of renal transplant recipients. In the present review, the explicit details of these methodologies are discussed in detail

Effect of tianeptine on seizure threshold and anticonvulsant activity of valproate, phenobarbitone and phenytoin in mice

Background: Depression is a common psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy and often remains untreated due to concern of antidepressant induced seizures. Tricyclic antidepressants, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and bupropion have been shown to increase the risk of seizures. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine have shown both anticonvulsant and proconvulsant activity. The information on anticonvulsant effects of tianeptine, a newer antidepressant, is limited to few animal studies. In view of this, the present study was undertaken to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of tianeptine and its interaction with conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) viz. valproate, phenobarbitone and phenytoin in mice.Methods: The study was carried out in 3 phases using healthy adult male mice. In phase I, effect of oral administration of tianeptine on seizure threshold was studied using electroconvulsive threshold method. In phase II and phase III, effect of tianeptine on median effective dose (ED50) of valproate, phenobarbitone and phenytoin was studied using maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test after administering tianeptine with these AEDs in various combinations. In phase II, drugs were administered orally once while in phase III, these were daily administered orally for 28 days.Results: In phase I, tianeptine increased electroconvulsive threshold in dose dependent manner but effect was significant only at 20 and 40 mg/kg (P<0.05 and 0.001 respectively). In phase II and III, tianeptine exhibited dose dependent reduction in ED50 of all the studied AEDs, however, significant reduction of ED50 of valproate and phenobarbitone (P<0.05 for both) was observed only when tianeptine was administered at 40 mg/kg, while significant reductions in ED50 of phenytoin were observed when tianeptine was administered as 20 and 40 mg/kg (P<0.05 and 0.01 respectively) and in phase III, significant reduction of ED50 value of valproate (P<0.01) and phenobarbitone (P<0.05) was observed with tianeptine at 40 mg/kg while reduction in ED50 of phenytoin was significant at all the studied doses of tianeptine with P<0.05 at 10 and 20 mg/kg and P<0.01 at 40mg/kg..Conclusions: Tianeptine exhibits anticonvulsant action which is synergistic with anticonvulsant effects of valproate, phenobarbitone and phenytoin suggesting that tianeptine may be a safe option in patients of epilepsy concurrently suffering from depression

Analyzing Trajectory Gaps for Possible Rendezvous: A Summary of Results

Given trajectory data with gaps, we investigate methods to identify possible rendezvous regions. Societal applications include improving maritime safety and regulations. The challenges come from two aspects. If trajectory data are not available around the rendezvous then either linear or shortest-path interpolation may fail to detect the possible rendezvous. Furthermore, the problem is computationally expensive due to the large number of gaps and associated trajectories. In this paper, we first use the plane sweep algorithm as a baseline. Then we propose a new filtering framework using the concept of a space-time grid. Experimental results and case study on real-world maritime trajectory data show that the proposed approach substantially improves the Area Pruning Efficiency over the baseline technique

Reducing False Discoveries in Statistically-Significant Regional-Colocation Mining: A Summary of Results

Given a set S of spatial feature types, its feature instances, a study area, and a neighbor relationship, the goal is to find pairs such that C is a statistically significant regional-colocation pattern in r_{g}. This problem is important for applications in various domains including ecology, economics, and sociology. The problem is computationally challenging due to the exponential number of regional colocation patterns and candidate regions. Previously, we proposed a miner [Subhankar et. al, 2022] that finds statistically significant regional colocation patterns. However, the numerous simultaneous statistical inferences raise the risk of false discoveries (also known as the multiple comparisons problem) and carry a high computational cost. We propose a novel algorithm, namely, multiple comparisons regional colocation miner (MultComp-RCM) which uses a Bonferroni correction. Theoretical analysis, experimental evaluation, and case study results show that the proposed method reduces both the false discovery rate and computational cost